在 iPhone/iPad 中随意修改数字键盘按钮

| 分类 文档  | 标签 iOS  编程 

一、起因

iPhone 的键盘，特别是数字键盘，往往不能满足程序的输入需要。最典型的例子就是在数字键盘上添加一个“.”，用来输入小数点。安装 iPhone SDK 官方的观点，如果要使用小数点键盘，那只好使用数字和符号键盘，但那样没个按键很小，且不需要的按键太多。

二、现有方案

针对这种情况，最早的解决方案，请参考这里：http://www.cnblogs.com/mac_arthur/archive/2010/05/18/1738363.html。使用的是 以下代码来检测一个 Notification。

[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self
selector:@selector(addCustomKeyBoardButton)
name:UIKeyboardWillShowNotification
object:nil];

这种方法，在 iOS 4.0 后失效了，原因有两个，一是UIKeyboardWillShowNotification的时候，键盘根本没有创建出来;另外，Class Name 也被外包了一层，叫做UIPeripheralHostView。

于是又有了一种改进的方案，请看这里：http://www.neoos.ch/news/46-development/54-uikeyboardtypenumberpad-and-the-missing-return-key。主要的改进是在UIKeyboardDidShowNotification的通知消息中来修改键盘。但正如作者所说，这里有个不完美的情况，只能等键盘动画显示完成之后，才能添加显示我们的东西，视觉效果不好。

三、改进方案

经过试验，找到一个比较完美的方案：在 UITextField 的becomeFirstResponder和resignFirstResponder中修改键盘。

定以一个类，假如叫做 KBCustomTextField : UITextField，在这个类中加入一下代码：

//

  • (BOOL)becomeFirstResponder
    {
    BOOL ret = [super becomeFirstResponder];
    [self modifyKeyView:@”NumberPad-Empty” display:@”.” represent:@”.” interaction:@”String”];
    return ret;
    }

//

  • (BOOL)resignFirstResponder
    {
    BOOL ret = [super resignFirstResponder];
    [self modifyKeyView:@”NumberPad-Empty” display:nil represent:nil interaction:@”None”];
    return ret;
    }

modifyKeyView 的实现可以参看附件。我使用的是循环查找UIKBKeyView类，这是Apple 的 Private API（私有API的声明可以在这里找：http://github.com/kennytm/iphone-private-frameworks/tree/master/UIKit/），不确信能否通过 App Store 的审核：）

更近一步地，我完善了一下 KBCustomTextField，通过这个类，非常方便地就可以做到自定义输入键盘：

KBCustom.zip

  1. 使用小数点和数字键盘：非常简单，只要在 IB 中把 UITextField 的类改成KBCustomTextField，就OK了，不用一行代码，效果如下图：

  2. 在键盘的按键上添加一个文字按钮（并指定处理动作）：设置KBCustomTextField.kbDelegate，实现这两个函数即可：

// [Yonsm] Handle keyboard show

  • (void)keyboardShow:(KBCustomTextField *)sender
    {
    [sender addCustomButton:@”NumberPad-Empty” title:@”DONE” target:self action:@selector(onButton:)];
    }

// [Yonsm] Handle keyboard hide

  • (void)keyboardHide:(KBCustomTextField *)sender
    {
    [sender delCustomButton:@”NumberPad-Empty”];
    }

  1. 更近一步地，这两个 Delegate 函数中，你只要通过 name 来查找到想要修改的 UIKBKeyView，就可以随便修改它。name 可以通过 KBCustomTextField 的#define _LOG_KEY_VIEW来列出所有的按键名称。name 为 nil 则找任何的 UIKBKeyView（可以用他的 .superview 来找到整个键盘View，做更多的处理）。

下面是 iPhone 数字键盘的前面10个按键（后面忘了打出来了：）

Found View: UIPeripheralHostView
Found View: UIKeyboardAutomatic
Found View: UIKeyboardImpl
Found View: UIKeyboardLayoutStar
Found View: UIKBKeyplaneView
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=NumberPad-1 representedString=1 displayString=1 displayType=NumberPad interactionType=String displayRowHint=Row1
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=NumberPad-2 representedString=2 displayString=2/ABC displayType=NumberPad interactionType=String displayRowHint=Row1
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=NumberPad-3 representedString=3 displayString=3/DEF displayType=NumberPad interactionType=String displayRowHint=Row1
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=NumberPad-4 representedString=4 displayString=4/GHI displayType=NumberPad interactionType=String displayRowHint=Row2
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=NumberPad-6 representedString=6 displayString=6/MNO displayType=NumberPad interactionType=String displayRowHint=Row2
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=NumberPad-7 representedString=7 displayString=7/PQRS displayType=NumberPad interactionType=String displayRowHint=Row3
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=NumberPad-8 representedString=8 displayString=8/TUV displayType=NumberPad interactionType=String displayRowHint=Row3
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=NumberPad-9 representedString=9 displayString=9/WXYZ displayType=NumberPad interactionType=String displayRowHint=Row3
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=NumberPad-Empty &nbs; p;representedString= displayString= displayType=NumberPad interactionType=None displayRowHint=Row4

代码对 iPad 也有效，当然 Key Name 和 Type 不一样，下面是 iPad 数字键盘的Log：

Found View: UIPeripheralHostView
Found View: UIKeyboardAutomatic
Found View: UIKeyboardImpl
Found View: UIKeyboardLayoutStar
Found View: UIKBKeyplaneView
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Digit-1 representedString=1 displayString=1 displayType=String interactionType=String-Popup displayRowHint=Row1
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Digit-2 representedString=2 displayString=2 displayType=String interactionType=String-Popup displayRowHint=Row1
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Digit-3 representedString=3 displayString=3 displayType=String interactionType=String-Popup displayRowHint=Row1
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Digit-4 representedString=4 displayString=4 displayType=String interactionType=String-Popup displayRowHint=Row1
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Digit-5 representedString=5 displayString=5 displayType=String interactionType=String-Popup displayRowHint=Row1
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Digit-6 representedString=6 displayString=6 displayType=String interactionType=String-Popup displayRowHint=Row1
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Digit-7 representedString=7 displayString=7 displayType=String interactionType=String-Popup displayRowHint=Row1
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Digit-8 representedString=8 displayString=8 displayType=String interactionType=String-Popup displayRowHint=Row1
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Digit-9 representedString=9 displayString=9 displayType=String interactionType=String-Popup displayRowHint=Row1
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Digit-0 representedString=0 displayString=0 displayType=String interactionType=String-Popup displayRowHint=Row1
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Hyphen-Minus representedString=- displayString=- displayType=String interactionType=String-Popup
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Solidus representedString=/ displayString=/ displayType=String interactionType=String-Popup displayRowHint=Row2
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Colon representedString=: displayString=: displayType=String interactionType=String-Popup displayRowHint=Row2
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Semicolon representedString=; displayString=; displayType=String interactionType=String-Popup
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Left-Parenthesis representedString=( displayString=( displayType=String interactionType=String-Popup
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Right-Parenthesis representedString=) displayString=) displayType=String interactionType=String-Popup
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Primary-Currency-Sign representedString=$ displayString=$ displayType=DynamicString interactionType=String-Popup
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Ampersand representedString=& displayString=& displayType=String interactionType=String-Popup
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Commercial-At representedString=@ displayString=@ displayType=String interactionType=String-Popup
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Full-Stop representedString=. displayString=. displayType=String interactionType=String-Popup
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Comma representedString=, displayString=, displayType=String interactionType=String-Popup displayRowHint=Row3
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Question-Mark representedString=? displayString=? displayType=String interactionType=String-Popup
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Exclamation-Mark representedString=! displayString=! displayType=String interactionType=String-Popup
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Apostrophe representedString=’ displayString=’ displayType=String interactionType=String-Popup
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Quotation-Mark representedString=” displayString=” displayType=String interactionType=String-Popup
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Delete-Key representedString=Delete displayString=delete displayType=Delete interactionType=Delete
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Return-Key representedString=
interactionType=Return displayRowHint=Row2
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Undo-Key representedString=undo displayString=undo displayType=Command interactionType=Undo displayRowHint=Row3
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=More-Key representedString=More displayString=more displayType=More interactionType=More displayRowHint=Row4
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Unlabeled-Space-Key representedString= displayString= displayType=Space interactionType=Space
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=More-Key representedString=More displayString=more displayType=More interactionType=More displayRowHint=Row4
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Dismiss-Key representedString=Dismiss displayString=Dismiss displayType=Dismiss interactionType=Dismiss
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Shift-Key representedString=Shift displayString=shift displayType=Shift interactionType=Shift displayRowHint=Row3
Found View: UIKBKeyView
name=Shift-Key representedString=Shift displayString=shift displayType=Shift interactionType=Shift displayRowHint=Row3


上一篇     下一篇